Andrey Alekseevich Ivanov |

Andrei Ivanov

Garin nan na Zamostye mai natsuwa, daya daga cikin wajen yammacin kasar Rasha kafin juyin juya hali, ba shi da wadata sosai a cikin abubuwan da suka faru a fagen rayuwar al'adu. Saboda haka, yana da dabi'a cewa ƙungiyar mawaƙa mai son, wanda malamin makarantar motsa jiki Alexei Afanasyevich Ivanov ya shirya, ba da daɗewa ba ya sami karbuwa sosai a cikin birni. Daga cikin kananan mawaƙa sun kasance 'ya'yan Alexei Afanasyevich - Sergei da Andrei, masu sha'awar aikin mahaifinsu. ’Yan’uwa har ma sun shirya ƙungiyar mawaƙa na kaɗe-kaɗe a ƙungiyar mawaƙa. Karamin, Andrei, ya nuna sha'awa ta musamman ga fasaha, tun daga ƙuruciyarsa yana son sauraron kiɗa, cikin sauƙin ɗaukar salon sa da halayensa.

A farkon yakin duniya na farko, a 1914, Ivanov iyali koma Kyiv. Yanayin lokacin yaƙi bai dace da karatun kiɗa ba, an manta da tsoffin abubuwan sha'awa. Matashi Andrei Ivanov ya koma art bayan Oktoba juyin juya halin, amma bai nan da nan ya zama mai sana'a. Bayan kammala makarantar sakandare, ya fara shiga Kyiv Cooperative Institute. Kiɗa mai son sha'awa, saurayin yakan ziyarci gidan wasan opera, kuma wani lokacin yana rera waƙoƙin da ya fi so a gida. Makwabcin Ivanovs a cikin Apartment, M. Chikirskaya, tsohon mawaƙa, ganin iyawar Andrei ba tare da shakka ba, ya rinjayi shi ya koyi raira waƙa. Matashin yana ɗaukar darussa na sirri daga malamin N. Lund, wanda ya ƙaunaci ɗalibinsa mai hazaka kuma yayi karatu tare da shi kyauta har tsawon shekaru uku, tunda dangin Ivanov a wancan lokacin suna da ma'ana sosai. Mutuwar wani malami ta katse wadannan azuzuwan.

Ci gaba da karatu a Cooperative Institute Andrey Ivanov lokaci guda ya shiga Kyiv Opera gidan wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin karin domin su iya ci gaba da sauraron operas da kuma daukar a kalla suna fadin sa hannu a cikin Productions. Ya fi son rera waƙar N. Zubarev, kuma, yana saurare, ba da son rai ba, ya fahimci ka'idodin samar da murya, da salon waƙar ƙwararren mai fasaha, wanda ya yi kama da tsarin da marigayi Lund ya koyar.

Jita-jita game da kyakykyawar raye-raye mai ban sha'awa da kuma iyawar wani matashi na yaduwa a cikin da'irar kade-kade da na wasan kwaikwayo, sun kuma isa gidan wasan opera a Kyiv Conservatory. A watan Satumba 1925, Andrei Alekseevich aka gayyace zuwa studio shirya da kuma yin wani ɓangare na Onegin a cikin sauke karatu yi na Eugene Onegin. Nasarar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wannan wasan kwaikwayon, wanda aka lasafta a matsayin kundin tarihin, ya yanke shawarar makomar matashin mawaƙin, ya buɗe hanyarsa zuwa matakin wasan opera.

A lokacin, tare da gidajen wasan opera na tsaye, akwai rukunin opera ta hannu waɗanda ke tafiya zuwa garuruwa daban-daban. Irin wadannan gungun dai sun kunshi matasa ne masu fasaha, kuma galibinsu manya ne, gogaggun mawaka kuma suna yin baqi a cikinsu. Mai shirya daya daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi ya gayyaci Ivanov, wanda nan da nan ya dauki matsayi mai girma a cikin tawagar. Yana iya zama kamar abin mamaki cewa, tun da ya zo tawagar tare da kawai ɓangare na Onegin Andrey Alekseevich shirya da kuma rera waka 22 sassa a cikin shekarar aiki. Ciki har da Prince Igor, Demon, Amonasro, Rigoletto, Germont, Valentin, Escamillo, Marcel, Yeletsky da Tomsky, Tonio da Silvio. Ƙayyadaddun ayyuka na ƙungiyar masu tafiya - adadi mai yawa na wasan kwaikwayo, yawan motsawa daga birni zuwa birni - ba su bar lokaci mai yawa don yin aiki mai zurfi ba da kuma nazarin tsari tare da mai rahusa. Ana buƙatar mai zane ba kawai babban tashin hankali na ƙirƙira ba, har ma da ikon yin aiki da kansa, don kewaya cikin clavier kyauta. Kuma idan novice mawaƙi a karkashin wadannan yanayi iya tara irin wannan m repertoire a cikin mafi guntu lokaci mai yiwuwa, shi ne binta, yafi ga kansa, da girma, na gaske iyawa, da juriya da kuma soyayya ga art. Tare da tawagar balaguro, Ivanov ya zagaya ko'ina cikin yankin Volga, Arewacin Caucasus da sauran wurare da yawa, yana jan hankalin masu sauraro a ko'ina tare da waƙarsa mai ma'ana, kyakkyawa da sassaucin murya na matashi, ƙarfi, murya mai daɗi.

A cikin 1926, gidajen wasan opera guda biyu - Tbilisi da Baku - a lokaci guda sun gayyaci wani matashi mai zane. Ya zaɓi Baku, inda ya yi aiki na yanayi biyu, yana yin abubuwan da suka dace na baritone a duk wasan kwaikwayo. Sabbin sassa ana ƙara su a baya kafa repertoire: da Vedenets bako ("Sadko"), Frederik ("Lakme"). Yayin da yake aiki a Baku, Andrei Alekseevich ya sami damar yawon shakatawa a Astrakhan. Wannan ya kasance a cikin 1927.

A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, aiki a Odessa (1928-1931), sa'an nan a cikin Sverdlovsk (1931-1934) gidan wasan kwaikwayo Andrey Alekseevich, ban da shiga cikin babban na gargajiya repertoire, samu saba da wasu da wuya yi Western ayyukan - Turandot Puccini. , Johnny taka Kshenek da sauransu. Tun 1934 Andrey Ivanov ya dawo a Kyiv. Da zarar ya bar Kyiv Opera House a matsayin karin soyayya da kiɗa, ya dawo kan matakinsa a matsayinsa na ƙwararren mawaƙi tare da fa'ida mai fa'ida mai fa'ida, tare da gogewa sosai kuma yana ɗaukar ɗayan manyan wurare tsakanin mawakan opera na Ukraine. A sakamakon tsayayye m girma da kuma m aiki, a 1944 ya aka bayar da lakabi na People's Artist na Tarayyar Soviet. Andrey Alekseevich ya yi aiki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Kiev Opera har zuwa 1950. A nan, ƙwarewarsa ta ƙarshe ta goge, ƙwarewarsa ta inganta, muryar murya da hotunan da ya ƙirƙira sun fi cikakkun bayanai da zurfi, suna shaida ga babbar kyautar reincarnation.

Hetman Mazepa mai tsananin yunwa da mayaudari a cikin wasan opera na PI Tchaikovsky da kuma tsantsar zuciya, jajirtaccen saurayi Ostap (“Taras Bulba” na Lysenko), wanda ya damu da sha’awar da ba za ta iya jurewa ba kuma mai cike da girman girman Yarima Igor, mai kwarjini kyakkyawa Mizgir da mummuna, amma mai tausayi a cikin muninsa Rigoletto, ya ci nasara da yanke kauna, Aljani marar natsuwa da muguwar son rayuwa, mai wayo Figaro. Ga kowane jaruminsa, Ivanov ya sami cikakken daidaitaccen, zane mai zurfin tunani game da rawar da ya taka zuwa mafi ƙanƙanta bugun jini, yana samun babban gaskiya wajen bayyana fuskoki daban-daban na ran ɗan adam. Amma, ba da girmamawa ga gwaninta na zane-zane, babban dalilin nasararsa ya kamata a nema a cikin waƙa mai ma'ana, a cikin wadatar innations, timbre da inuwa mai tsauri, a cikin filastik da cikar jumla, a cikin ƙamus mai ban sha'awa. Wannan fasaha ya taimaka Andrey Ivanov ya zama fitaccen mawaƙa na ɗakin ɗakin.

Har zuwa 1941, bai shiga cikin ayyukan kide-kide ba, saboda ya shagaltu da aiki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin babban repertoire. Sabbin ayyukan kirkire-kirkire sun fuskanci mawaƙa a farkon Babban Yaƙin Kishin Ƙasa. An kwashe tare da Kyiv Opera House zuwa Ufa, sa'an nan kuma zuwa Irkutsk Andrey Alekseevich daukan wani aiki bangare a cikin m kula da asibitoci da kuma soja raka'a. Tare da abokin aikinsa M. Litvinenko-Wolgemut da I. Patorzhinskaya, ya tafi gaba, sa'an nan ya yi a cikin kide-kide a Moscow da kuma sauran birane. Komawa zuwa Kyiv mai 'yanci a 1944, Ivanov nan da nan ya tafi daga can tare da kide kide da wake-wake zuwa Jamus, bayan ci gaba da sassan Soviet Army.

Hanyar kirkire-kirkire na Andrei Ivanov ita ce hanyar asali, mai fasaha mai haske, wanda gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya kasance a lokaci guda makaranta. Idan da farko ya tara repertoire ta nasa aikin, sa'an nan daga baya ya yi aiki tare da yawa manyan Figures a cikin m gidan wasan kwaikwayo, kamar darektan V. Lossky (Sverdlovsk), conductors A. Pazovsky (Sverdlovsk da Kyiv) da kuma musamman V. Dranishnikov. Kyiv) , ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa muryar muryarsa da fasaha na mataki.

Wannan hanya ta dabi'a ta jagoranci Andrei Alekseevich zuwa matakin babban birnin. Ya shiga gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bolshoi a shekara ta 1950 a matsayin babban malami, a cikin babban ikonsa na kere kere. Wakokinsa na opera, ciki har da na'urorin rediyo, sun kunshi har zuwa sassa tamanin. Amma duk da haka mawaƙin bai tsaya a cikin fafutukarsa na kirkire-kirkire ba. Yin aiki a cikin irin abubuwan da aka saba da su kamar Igor, Demon, Valentin, Germont, ya sami sababbin launuka a cikin kowannensu, ya inganta muryar su da kuma wasan kwaikwayo. Ma'auni na mataki na Bolshoi, sauti na ƙungiyar opera, haɗin gwiwar kirkire-kirkire tare da mawaƙa masu kyau, aiki a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma rediyo a karkashin jagorancin N. Golovanov, B. Khaikin, S. Samosud, M. Zhukov - duk. wannan wani abin ƙarfafawa ne don ƙara haɓakar mai zane, don zurfafa hotunan da aka ƙirƙira. Don haka, hoton Prince Igor ya zama mafi mahimmanci, har ma ya fi girma, yana wadatar da samar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bolshoi tare da yanayin tserewa, wanda Andrei Alekseevich bai taɓa magance shi ba.

Har ila yau ayyukan mawaƙin sun faɗaɗa. Baya ga tafiye-tafiye da yawa a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, Andrei Ivanov ya ziyarci kasashen waje akai-akai - a Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Jamus, Ingila, inda ya yi ba kawai a manyan biranen ba, har ma a cikin ƙananan garuruwa.

Babban discography na AA Ivanov:

1. Wani yanayi daga opera "Tsarskaya nevesta", wani ɓangare na Gryaznogo, wanda aka rubuta a 1946, mawaƙa da mawaƙa na GABTA p/u K. Kondrashina, abokin tarayya - N. Obukhova da V. Shevtsov. (A halin yanzu, an saki CD ɗin a ƙasashen waje a cikin jerin "Fitattun Mawakan Rasha" game da fasahar NA Obukhova)
2. Opera "Rigoletto" J. Verdi, part Rigoletto, rikodi 1947, mawaƙa GABT, ƙungiyar mawaƙa VR p/u SA A Samosuda, abokin tarayya shine I. Kozlovsky, I. Maslennikova, V. Borysenko, V. Gavryushov da sauransu. (A halin yanzu, an saki CD mai rikodin opera a waje)
3. Opera "Cherevichki" na PI Ivanov, M. Mikhailov, E. Antonova da sauransu. (A halin yanzu, an saki CD mai rikodin opera a waje)
4. Opera "Eugene Onegin" na PI Tchaikovsky, wani ɓangare na Onegin, wanda aka rubuta a cikin 1948, ƙungiyar mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theatre wanda A. Orlov ke gudanarwa, abokan tarayya - E. Kruglikova, M. Maksakova, I. Kozlovsky, M. Reizen. (A halin yanzu, an saki CD mai rikodin opera a waje)
5. Opera "Prince Igor" na AP Borodin, wani ɓangare na Prince Igor, wanda aka rubuta a 1949, mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theater Theater, wanda A. Sh. Melik-Pashaev, abokan tarayya - E. Smolenskaya, V. Borisenko, A. Pirogov, S. Lemeshev, M. Reizen da sauransu. (A halin yanzu CD ɗin da aka saki a ketare)
6. Solo disc na singer tare da rikodi na Arias daga operas a cikin jerin "Lebendige Vergangenheit - Andrej Ivanov". (An sake shi a Jamus akan CD)