Sayen clarinet. Yadda za a zabi clarinet?

Tarihin clarinet ya koma zamanin Georg Philipp Telemann, Georg Friedrich Handel da Antonio Vivaldi, watau juyawar ƙarni na XNUMX da na XNUMX. Su ne suka haifi clarinet na yau cikin rashin sani, suna amfani da shawm (chalumeau) a cikin ayyukansu, watau samfurin clarinet na zamani. Sautin shawm yayi kama da sautin ƙaho na baroque da ake kira Clarino - babba, mai haske da haske. Sunan clarinet na yau ya samo asali ne daga wannan kayan aikin.

Da farko, clarinet yana da bakin magana mai kama da wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ƙaho, kuma jiki yana da ramuka masu fafutuka uku. Abin takaici, haɗuwa da bakin magana da busa ƙaho tare da na'urar busa sarewa ba ta ba da damar fasaha mai girma ba. Kusan 1700, maginin kayan aikin Jamus Johann Christoph Denner ya fara aiki akan inganta shawm. Ya ƙirƙiri sabon bakin da ya ƙunshi sanda da ɗaki, ya kuma tsawaita na'urar ta ƙara ƙoƙon murya mai faɗaɗawa.

Sham ɗin ya daina yin kaifi sosai, sautuna masu haske. Sautinsa ya fi ɗumi da haske. Tun daga wannan lokacin, tsarin clarinet yana canzawa koyaushe. An inganta injiniyoyin daga biyar zuwa yau 17-21 bawuloli. An gina tsarin aikace-aikacen daban-daban: Albert, Öhler, Müller, Böhm. An nemi abubuwa daban-daban don gina clarinet, an yi amfani da hauren giwa, itacen katako da ebony, wanda ya zama abin da aka fi sani da yin clarinet.

clarinets na yau sune tsarin aikace-aikace guda biyu: tsarin Faransanci da aka gabatar a cikin 1843, wanda tabbas ya fi dacewa, da tsarin Jamus. Baya ga tsarin aikace-aikacen guda biyu da aka yi amfani da su, clarinets na tsarin Jamus da Faransanci sun bambanta a cikin ginin jiki, ramin tashar da kauri na bango, wanda ke shafar katako na kayan aiki da jin daɗin wasa. Jiki yawanci sassa huɗu ne tare da rami polycylindrical, watau diamita na ciki yana canzawa tare da tsayin tashar. Jikin clarinet galibi ana yin shi ne da itacen katako na Afirka da ake kira Grenadilla, Mozambique Ebony da Honduras Rosewood - kuma ana amfani da su wajen samar da marimbaphone. A cikin mafi kyawun samfura, Buffet Crampon yana amfani da mafi kyawun nau'ikan Grenadilla - Mpingo. Samfurin makaranta kuma ana yin su ne da wani abu da ake kira ABS, wanda aka fi sani da “roba”. Dampers an yi su da wani gami na jan karfe, zinc da nickel. Suna da nickel-plated, azurfa-plated ko zinariya-plated. A cewar 'yan wasan clarinet na Amurka, maɓallan nickel-plated ko zinariya suna ba da sauti mai duhu, yayin da maɓallan azurfa - sun fi haske. Ƙarƙashin ɓangarorin, akwai matattakala waɗanda ke ɗaure buɗewar kayan aikin. Mafi shahararren matashin kai ana yin su da fata tare da ruwa mai hana ruwa, fatar kifi, matashin kai tare da membrane Gore-Tex ko abin toshe kwalaba.

ƙaunatattuna

Amati clarinets sun kasance mafi mashahuri clarinets a Poland. Kamfanin Czech ya mamaye kasuwar Poland a lokacin da irin waɗannan kayan aikin ba su kasance a cikin shagunan kiɗa kawai. Abin baƙin ciki, har wa yau, yawancin makarantun kiɗa suna da daidai waɗancan kayan kida waɗanda ba su da daɗin yin wasa.

Jupiter

Jupiter shine kawai alamar Asiya wanda za'a iya ba da shawarar lafiya. Kwanan nan, kayan aikin kamfanin sun zama sananne sosai, musamman a tsakanin masu fara wasan clarinet. The Parisienne clarinet shine mafi kyawun samfurin kamfanin, wanda aka yi da itace gaba ɗaya. Farashin wannan kayan aikin, dangane da ingancinsa, kyakkyawar shawara ce a cikin aji na ƙirar makaranta.

Hanson

Hanson ƙaramin kamfani ne na Ingilishi mai ban sha'awa, yana samar da clarinets daga ƙirar makaranta zuwa ƙwararru kuma an yi shi don yin oda tare da takamaiman takamaiman abokin ciniki. Clarinets an yi su a hankali daga itace mai kyau kuma an sanye su da kayan haɗi masu kyau. Hanson yana ƙara bakin Vandoren B45, Ligaturka BG da shari'ar BAM a matsayin ma'auni ga ƙirar makaranta.

zabi da kanka

Buffet Crampon Paris shine alamar clarinet mafi shahara a duniya. Asalin kamfanin ya koma 1875. Buffet yana ba da babban zaɓi na kayan aiki da kuma samar da samfuran serial mai kyau a farashi mai araha. Yana samar da clarinets ga duka masu farawa da ƙwararrun 'yan wasan clarinet. Samfuran makaranta tare da lambar tunani B 10 da B 12 an yi su ne da filastik. Sun kasance clarinets marasa nauyi don mawaƙa na farko, suna da kyau a koyar da yara ƙanana. Farashinsu yana da araha sosai. E 10 da E 11 sune samfuran makaranta na farko da aka yi da itacen Grenadilla. E 13 ita ce mafi mashahuri makaranta da clarinet dalibi. Mawaƙa suna ba da shawarar wannan kayan aikin musamman saboda farashi (ƙananan dangane da ingancinsa). Buffet RC ƙwararrun samfuri ne, musamman ana yaba su a Faransa da Italiya. Ana siffanta shi da innation mai kyau da kyau, sauti mai dumi.

Wani, samfurin Buffet mafi girma shine RC Prestige. Ya sami karbuwa a Poland bayan an sake shi a kasuwa, kuma a halin yanzu shine clarinet ƙwararrun ƙwararrun da aka fi siya. An yi shi da zaɓaɓɓen itace (jinin Mpingo) tare da zobba masu yawa. Wannan kayan aikin yana da ƙarin rami a cikin kwanon murya don inganta sautin ƙananan rajista da innation mai kyau sosai. Hakanan an sanye shi da kushin Gore-Tex. Samfurin Bikin ya fi ko žasa akan matakin guda. Kayan aiki ne mai kyau, sauti mai dumi. Abin baƙin ciki shine, yana faruwa sau da yawa cewa kayan aikin wannan jerin suna da matsalolin innation. Duk da haka, ƙwararrun clarinetists sun ba da shawarar su. Samfurin R 13 yana da dumi, cikakken sauti - kayan aiki ne da ya shahara a Amurka, wanda kuma aka sani da Vintage. Tosca shine sabon samfurin Buffet Crapon. A halin yanzu yana da samfurin mafi girman inganci, a lokaci guda yana nuna darajar farashi. Gaskiyar ita ce, yana da na'ura mai mahimmanci, ƙarin faffa don ƙara sautin F, itace mai kyau tare da zobba masu yawa, amma kuma, rashin alheri, sauti mai laushi, rashin tabbas, duk da cewa waɗannan kayan aikin hannu ne.