Grigory Filippovich Bolshakov |

Grigory Bolshakov

An haife shi a 1904 a St. Petersburg. Dan ma'aikaci, ya gaji son wakar mahaifinsa. Bolshakovs suna da gramophone tare da bayanai a cikin gidansu. Mafi yawa, yaron yana son aria na Demon da ma'auratan Escamillo, wanda ya yi mafarkin wata rana yana raira waƙa a kan matakin ƙwararru. Sau da yawa muryarsa tana ƙara a cikin kide kide da wake-wake a wurin liyafar aiki - kyakkyawa mai kyan gani.

Shigar da Music School a gefen Vyborg, Grigory Filippovich fada a cikin aji na malami A. Grokholsky, wanda ya shawarce shi ya yi aiki tare da Italiyanci Ricardo Fedorovich Nuvelnordi. Mawaƙin nan gaba ya yi karatu tare da shi har tsawon shekara guda da rabi, yana samun ƙwarewar farko a cikin tsarawa da ƙwarewar murya. Sa'an nan kuma ya koma Leningrad Music College na 3 kuma an yarda da shi a cikin aji na Farfesa I. Suprunenko, wanda daga baya ya tuna sosai. Ba abu mai sauƙi ba ne don nazarin kiɗa na matasa, dole ne ya sami rayuwa, kuma Grigory Filippovich a lokacin yana aiki a kan hanyar jirgin kasa a matsayin mai kididdigar. A karshen uku darussa a fasaha makaranta, Bolshakov kokarin fitar da mawaƙa na Maly Opera gidan wasan kwaikwayo (Mikhailovsky). Bayan ya yi aiki fiye da shekara guda, ya shiga gidan wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo na ban dariya. Fitowar mawaƙin ɓangaren Fenton ne a cikin Matan Murna na Nicolai na Windsor. An gudanar da wasan opera ta shahararren Ariy Moiseevich Pazovsky, wanda matashin mawaƙa ya fahimci umarninsa sosai. Grigory Filippovich ya gaya game da ban mamaki farin ciki da ya samu kafin bayyanar farko a kan mataki. Ya tsaya a baya, yana jin kafawar sa a kasa. Mataimakin darakta dole ne ya tura shi a zahiri a kan dandalin. Mawakin ya ji wani mugun taurin motsi, amma ya ishe shi ya ga cunkoson jama’a, kamar yadda ya kware. Wasan farko ya yi nasara sosai kuma ya ƙaddara makomar mawakin. A cikin wasan opera mai ban dariya, ya yi aiki har zuwa 1930 kuma ya shiga gasar a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Mariinsky. A nan a cikin repertoire Lensky, Andrei ("Mazepa"), Sinodal, Gvidon, Andrei Khovansky, Jose, Arnold ("William gaya"), Prince ("Love for Three lemu" na Prokofiev). A 1936, Grigory Filippovich aka gayyace zuwa Saratov Opera House. Repertoire na mawaƙi yana cike da sassan Radamès, Herman, tsofaffi da matasa Faust, Duke ("Rigoletto"), Almaviva. An kiyaye bayanin mawaƙin game da Barber na Seville da kuma rawar Almaviva: “Wannan rawar ta ba ni yawa. Ina tsammanin Barber na Seville babbar makaranta ce ga kowane mawaƙin opera. "

A 1938, GF Bolshakov ya halarta a karon a Bolshoi gidan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma tun sa'an nan, har zuwa karshen waka aiki, ya ci gaba da aiki a kan ta shahara mataki. tunawa da ka'idodin FI Chaliapin da KS Stanislavsky, Grigory Filippovich yana aiki tuƙuru da wuyar shawo kan al'amuran opera, a hankali yayi tunani ta hanyar mafi ƙarancin cikakkun bayanai game da halayen mataki kuma ya haifar da tabbataccen hotuna masu gamsarwa na jarumai a sakamakon haka. Grigory Filippovich - na hali wakilin Rasha vocal makaranta. Saboda haka, ya kasance mai nasara musamman a cikin hotuna a cikin wasan opera na gargajiya na Rasha. Na dogon lokaci masu sauraro sun tuna da shi Sobinin ( "Ivan Susanin") da Andrei ("Mazepa"). Masu sukar waɗannan shekarun sun yaba wa maƙerinsa Vakula a Cherevichki na Tchaikovsky. A cikin tsofaffin sake dubawa sun rubuta wannan: "Tsawon lokaci masu sauraro suna tunawa da wannan hoton da ya dace na kyakkyawan hali, mai karfi. Aria mai ban sha'awa na mai zane "Shin yarinyar tana jin zuciyarka" tana da ban mamaki. Mawaƙin ya sanya ji na gaske a cikin arioso Vakula “Oh, menene uwa a gare ni…” A madadina, na lura cewa GF Grigory Filippovich shima ya rera ɓangaren Herman sosai. Ta, watakila, ya fi dacewa da yanayin muryar murya da basirar mawaƙa. Amma wannan bangare da aka rera lokaci guda tare da Bolshakov da fitattun mawaƙa kamar NS Khanaev, BM Evlakhov, NN Ozerov, kuma daga baya GM Nelepp! Kowanne daga cikin wadannan mawaƙa ya halicci nasu Herman, kowannensu yana da ban sha'awa a hanyarsa. Kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin masu wasan kwaikwayo na ɓangaren Lisa ta rubuta mini a cikin ɗaya daga cikin wasiƙunta, Z. a. Rasha - Nina Ivanovna Pokrovskaya: "Kowanensu yana da kyau ... Gaskiya ne, Grigory Filippovich wani lokaci yakan mamaye mataki ta hanyar motsin rai, amma Jamusancinsa ya kasance mai gamsarwa kuma yana da zafi sosai ..."

Daga cikin nasarorin da babu shakka na singer, masu sukar da jama'a sun danganta aikinsa na rawar Vaudemont a Iolanthe. Mai gamsarwa da jin daɗi, GF Bolshakov ya zana halin wannan jarumin saurayi, rashin son kai da girmansa, zurfin jin daɗin nasara ga Iolanthe. Tare da irin babban wasan kwaikwayo mai zane ya cika wurin da Vaudemont, a cikin fidda rai, ya gano cewa Iolanthe makaho ne, nawa tausayi da tausayi suke ji a cikin muryarsa! Kuma a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo na yammacin Turai yana tare da nasara. Nasarar da mawaƙi ya yi daidai an yi la'akari da aikin sa na Jose a Carmen. GF Bolshakov ya kasance mai bayyanawa sosai a cikin rawar Arnold (William Tell). Ya nuna sha'awar ɗan wasan kwaikwayo don nuna hotuna masu rairayi, musamman a wurin da Arnold ya koyi game da kisan mahaifinsa. Mawakin da karfin tsiya ya isar da jajircewar halayen jarumar. Kamar yadda mutane da yawa suka ji kuma suka ga Grigory Filippovich ya lura, lyricism Bolshakov ba shi da jin dadi. Lokacin da ya rera ɓangaren Alfred a cikin La Traviata, har ma da mafi kyawun al'amuran sun cika tare da shi ba tare da melodrama mai daɗi ba, amma tare da ainihin gaskiyar ji. Grigory Filippovich nasarar rera waka a bambance-bambancen repertoire a Bolshoi gidan wasan kwaikwayo shekaru da yawa, kuma sunansa da hakkin ya mamaye wani wuri mai kyau a cikin ƙungiyar taurari na manyan operacin mu Bolshoi.

Hoton GF Bolshakov:

1. Wani ɓangare na Vaudemont a farkon cikakken rikodin "Iolanta", wanda aka rubuta a cikin 1940, ƙungiyar mawaƙa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa na Bolshoi Theater, shugabar SA Samosud, a cikin gungu tare da G. Zhukovskaya, P. Nortsov, B. Bugaisky, V. Levina da sauransu. . (Lokaci na ƙarshe da aka fitar da wannan rikodin akan rikodin gramophone ta kamfanin Melodiya shine farkon 80s na ƙarni na XNUMX).
2. Sashin Andrei a cikin "Mazepa" na PI Tchaikovsky, wanda aka rubuta a cikin 1948, a cikin gungu tare da Al. Ivanov, N. Pokrovskaya, V. Davydova, I. Petrov da sauransu. (A halin yanzu an sake shi a ƙasashen waje akan CD).
3. Sashe na Andrey Khovansky a cikin na biyu cikakken rikodi na opera Khovanshchina, da aka rubuta a 1951, mawaƙa da makada na Bolshoi Theater, shugaba VV Nebolsin, a cikin wani gungu tare da M. Reizen, M. Maksakova, N. Khanaev, A. Krivchenya da kuma wasu. (A halin yanzu an fitar da rikodin akan CD a waje).
4. "Grigory Bolshakov Sings" - rikodin gramophone ta kamfanin Melodiya. A scene na Marfa da Andrei Khovansky (wani guntu daga cikakken rikodi na "Khovanshchina"), Herman's arioso da aria ("The Queen of Spades") da Vakula ta arioso da song ("Cherevichki"), Levko song, Levko recitative da song. ("Mayu Dare"), wurin Melnik, Prince da Nitasha (Mermaid tare da A. Pirogov da N. Chubenko).
5. Video: wani ɓangare na Vakula a cikin fim-opera Cherevichki, yin fim a cikin marigayi 40s.