Daga Edison da Berliner har zuwa yau. phonograph shine uban gramophone.

Duba Turntables a cikin shagon Muzyczny.pl

Thomas Edison ne ya rubuta kalmomin farko a cikin 1877 ta hanyar amfani da abin da ya kirkira mai suna phonograph, wanda ya ba da izini bayan shekara guda. Wannan ƙirƙira an yi rikodin kuma sake haifar da sauti tare da allurar ƙarfe akan silinda kakin zuma. An yi rehoton ƙaho na ƙarshe a shekara ta 1929. Bayan shekaru tara, Emil Berliner ya ba da izinin yin amfani da na’ura mai juyayi da ya bambanta da na lahoton ta yin amfani da faranti da farko da aka yi da zinc, roba da gilashi, daga baya kuma daga shellac. Manufar da ke tattare da wannan ƙirƙira ita ce yiwuwar yin kwafin fayafai da yawa, wanda ya ba da damar masana'antar sauti ta bunƙasa tsawon ƙarni.

Na farko turntable

A cikin 1948, an sami wani babban ci gaba a masana'antar rikodin rikodin. Columbia Records (CBS) ya samar da rikodin vinyl na farko tare da saurin sake kunnawa na 33⅓ rpm. Vinyl ɗin da aka fara samar da fayafai ya ba da damar ingantaccen sake kunna sautin da aka yi rikodin. Fasahar da ta haɓaka ta ba da damar yin rikodin guntu mafi tsayi har zuwa mintuna da yawa. Gabaɗaya, abin da ke cikin irin wannan fayafai mai inci 12 ya kasance kusan mintuna 30 na kiɗa a ɓangarorin biyu. A cikin 1949, wani giant RCA Victor ya gabatar da 7 inch guda. Wannan CD ɗin ya ƙunshi rikodin kusan mintuna 3 a kowane gefe kuma an kunna shi a cikin 45 rpm. Waɗannan faya-fayan CD ɗin suna da babban rami a tsakiya ta yadda za a iya amfani da su a cikin manyan masu canza faifai, abin da ake kira jukeboxes waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a waɗannan shekarun a kowane irin gidajen abinci da wuraren shakatawa na dare. Yayin da saurin sake kunnawa guda biyu na 33⅓ da fayafai 45 suka bayyana a kasuwa, a shekarar 1951 an sanya na'urar sauya saurin gudu a cikin na'urori masu juyawa don daidaita saurin juyawa zuwa nau'in diski da ake kunnawa. Babban rikodin vinyl da aka buga a juyi 33⅓ a minti daya ana kiran shi LP. A gefe guda kuma, ƙaramin kundi mai ƙarancin waƙoƙi, wanda aka buga a juyi 45 a minti ɗaya, ana kiransa guda ɗaya ko wasan waƙa.

sitiriyo tsarin

A cikin 1958, wani giant Columbia ya sake rikodin rikodin sitiriyo na farko. Har ya zuwa yanzu, albums monophonic ne kawai aka sani, watau waɗanda aka yi rikodin duk sauti a cikin tasha ɗaya. Tsarin sitiriyo ya raba sauti zuwa tashoshi biyu.

Halayen sautin da aka sake bugawa

Rikodin vinyl yana da tsagi waɗanda ke da rashin daidaituwa. Saboda waɗannan rashin daidaituwa ne aka sanya allurar ta girgiza. Siffar waɗannan rashin bin ka'ida shine irin girgizar stylus ta sake haifar da siginar sauti da aka rubuta akan faifan yayin rikodin sa. Sabanin bayyanar, wannan fasaha ta kasance daidai kuma daidai. Nisa na irin wannan tsagi shine kawai 60 micrometers.

Gyara RIAA

Idan muna son yin rikodin sauti tare da siffa ta layi akan rikodin vinyl, za mu sami ɗan ƙaramin abu akan diski saboda ƙananan mitoci zasu ɗauki sarari da yawa. Saboda haka, kafin yin rikodin rikodin vinyl, yawan amsawar siginar yana canzawa bisa ga abin da ake kira gyaran RIAA. Wannan gyare-gyaren yana kunshe ne a cikin raunana ƙananan ƙananan kuma ƙara yawan maɗaukaki kafin aiwatar da yanke rikodin vinyl. Godiya ga wannan, ramukan da ke kan diski na iya zama kunkuntar kuma za mu iya adana ƙarin kayan sauti akan faifan da aka bayar.

Mai gabatarwa

Ya kamata a yi amfani da na'urar faɗakarwa don dawo da ƙananan mitoci da suka ɓace waɗanda aka iyakance ga yin rikodi ta amfani da daidaitawar RIAA. Don haka, don sauraron bayanan vinyl, dole ne mu sami soket na phono a cikin amplifier. Idan amplifier ɗinmu ba a sanye shi da irin wannan soket, dole ne mu sayi ƙarin preamplifier tare da irin wannan soket.

Summation

Madaidaicin fasaha da aka ƙirƙira shekaru da yawa da suka gabata wanda miliyoyin audiophiles ke amfani da su don ƙauna tare da sautin analog har yau na iya zama abin mamaki. A cikin wannan jigon, mun mai da hankali sosai kan haɓaka rikodin vinyl, a cikin sashi na gaba za mu mai da hankali kan mahimman abubuwan juyawa da haɓakar sa.