Cecilia Bartoli (Cecilia Bartoli) |

Cecilia Bartoli

Za mu iya a amince cewa tauraruwar matashiyar mawakiyar Italiya Cecilia Bartoli tana haskakawa a sararin wasan kwaikwayo. An sayar da faya-fayan faya-fayan faya-fayan faya-fayan sautin nata a duk duniya a cikin kwafi miliyan hudu masu ban mamaki. An sayar da diski mai rikodin arias da ba a sani ba ta Vivaldi a cikin adadin kwafin dubu ɗari uku. Mawaƙin ya lashe lambobin yabo da yawa: American Grammy, German Schallplatenprise, Faransa Diapason. Hotunanta sun bayyana a bangon mujallun Newsweek da Grammophone.

Cecilia Bartoli tana matashiya don tauraruwar wannan matsayi. An haife ta a Roma ranar 4 ga Yuni, 1966 a cikin dangin mawaƙa. Mahaifinta, mai gidan haya, ya yi watsi da aikin solo kuma ya yi aiki na shekaru da yawa a cikin mawaƙa na Opera na Rome, ya tilasta wa iyalinsa su tallafa. Mahaifiyarta, Silvana Bazzoni, wadda ta yi wasa da sunanta, ita ma mawakiya ce. Ta zama malami na farko kuma tilo na 'yarta da "kocin" muryarta. A matsayin yarinya mai shekaru tara, Cecilia ta yi aiki a matsayin makiyayi a Puccini's Tosca, a kan mataki na wannan 'yar asalin Roma Opera. Gaskiya ne, daga baya, yana da shekaru goma sha shida ko goma sha bakwai, tauraron nan gaba ya fi sha'awar flamenco fiye da vocals. Yana da shekaru goma sha bakwai da ta fara da tsanani nazarin music a Roman Academy of Santa Cecilia. Hankalinta da farko ya mayar da hankali kan trombone, sannan ta juya ga abin da ta fi yin waƙa. Bayan shekaru biyu, ta bayyana a talabijin don yin wasa tare da Katya Ricciarelli shahararren barcarolle daga Offenbach's Tales of Hoffmann, tare da Leo Nucci duet na Rosina da Figaro daga Barber na Seville.

Ya kasance 1986, gasar talabijin don matasa mawaƙa na opera Fantastico. Bayan wasan kwaikwayon nata, wanda ya ba da mamaki, an yi ta yada jita-jita a bayan fage cewa matsayi na farko na ta ne. A ƙarshe, nasarar ta tafi zuwa ga wani ɗan wasan Scaltriti daga Modena. Cecilia ta damu sosai. Amma rabo da kanta ya taimaka mata: a wannan lokacin babban madugu Riccardo Muti ya kasance a TV. Ya gayyace ta zuwa wasan kwaikwayo a La Scala, amma ya yi la'akari da cewa halarta a karon a kan mataki na almara Milan wasan kwaikwayo zai zama ma m ga matasa singer. Sun sake haduwa a cikin 1992 a wani shiri na Mozart Don Giovanni, wanda Cecilia ta rera waka na Zerlina.

Bayan nasarar da aka samu a Fantastico, Cecilia ta shiga Faransa a cikin shirin da aka sadaukar don Callas akan Antenne 2. Wannan lokacin Herbert von Karajan yana kan TV. Ta tuna da taron da aka yi a Festspielhaus a Salzburg har tsawon rayuwarta. Zaure ya dugunzuma, Karayan yayi magana cikin microphone, bata ganshi ba. Da alama muryar Allah ce. Bayan sauraron arias daga operas na Mozart da Rossini, Karajan ya sanar da sha'awar sa ta shiga cikin Bach's B-minor Mass.

Bugu da kari, Karajan, a cikin ta dama aiki (da ya dauki ta 'yan shekaru don cinye mafi babbar dakunan da gidan wasan kwaikwayo a duniya), wani gagarumin rawa taka rawar da shugaba Daniel Barenboim, Ray Minshall, da alhakin artists da repertoire. Babban alamar rikodin Decca, da Christopher Raeburn, babban mai samar da kamfanin. A watan Yulin 1990, Cecilia Bartoli ta fara fitowa a Amurka a bikin Mozart a New York. Jerin kide kide da wake-wake a harabar karatu ya biyo baya, kowane lokaci tare da karuwar nasara. A shekara mai zuwa, 1991, Cecilia ta fara halarta a Opéra Bastille a Paris a matsayin Cherubino a Le nozze di Figaro da La Scala a matsayin Isolier a cikin Le Comte Ory na Rossini. Dorabella sun bi su a cikin "Don haka Yi Kowa" a bikin Florentine Musical May da Rosina a cikin "Barber of Seville" a Barcelona. A cikin 1991-92 kakar, Cecilia ta ba da kide-kide a Montreal, Philadelphia, Barbican Center a London kuma ta yi a Haydn Festival a Metropolitan Museum of Art a New York, da kuma "mallakar" irin wadannan sababbin kasashe a gare ta kamar Switzerland da Austria. . A cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo, ta mai da hankali musamman a kan repertoire na Mozart, ta ƙara zuwa Cherubino da Dorabella Zerlina a Don Giovanni da Despina a cikin Kowa Yana Yi. Ba da da ewa ba, marubucin na biyu wanda ta sadaukar da mafi girman lokaci da hankali shine Rossini. Ta rera Rosina a Rome, Zurich, Barcelona, ​​​​Lyon, Hamburg, Houston (wannan shine farkon wasanta na Amurka) da Dallas da Cinderella a Bologna, Zurich da Houston. An yi rikodin Houston "Cinderella" akan bidiyo. A lokacin da take da shekaru talatin, Cecilia Bartoli ta yi wasa a La Scala, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na An der Wien a Vienna, a bikin Salzburg, ta mamaye manyan dakunan da ke Amurka. A ranar 2 ga Maris, 1996, ta yi hasarar halarta ta farko a Metropolitan Opera a matsayin Despina kuma tauraro irin su Carol Vaness, Suzanne Mentzer da Thomas Allen sun kewaye ta.

Ana iya la'akari da nasarar Cecilia Bartoli abin mamaki. A yau shi ne mawaƙin da ya fi kowa albashi a duniya. A halin yanzu, tare da sha'awar fasaharta, akwai muryoyin da ke iƙirarin cewa tallace-tallace da aka shirya da fasaha suna taka rawar gani sosai a cikin aikin da Cecilia ta yi.

Cecilia Bartoli, kamar yadda yake da sauƙin fahimta daga “takardar waƙa”, ba annabi ba ne a ƙasarta. Lallai ba kasafai take fitowa a gida ba. Mawaƙin ya ce a Italiya yana da kusan ba zai yiwu ba don ba da sunaye masu ban mamaki, tun da "La Boheme" da "Tosca" koyaushe suna cikin matsayi mai daraja. Lalle ne, a cikin mahaifar Verdi da Puccini, mafi girma wuri a kan posters ne shagaltar da abin da ake kira "babban repertoire", wato, mafi mashahuri da kuma ƙaunataccen operas na jama'a. Kuma Cecilia tana son kiɗan baroque na Italiyanci, wasan operas na matashin Mozart. Bayyanar su a kan hoton ba zai iya jawo hankalin masu sauraron Italiyanci ba (wannan ya tabbatar da kwarewar bikin bazara a Verona, wanda ya gabatar da wasan kwaikwayo ta hanyar mawaƙa na karni na sha takwas: ko da parterre ba a cika ba). Repertoire na Bartoli ya yi fice sosai.

Mutum na iya yin tambaya: yaushe Cecilia Bartoli, wanda ke rarraba kanta a matsayin mezzo-soprano, za ta kawo irin wannan matsayi na "tsarki" ga masu wannan murya kamar Carmen ga jama'a? Amsa: watakila ba. Cecilia ta ce wannan opera na daya daga cikin abubuwan da ta fi so, amma ana yin ta a wuraren da ba daidai ba. A ra'ayinta, "Carmen" yana buƙatar ƙaramin gidan wasan kwaikwayo, yanayi mai zurfi, saboda wannan opera na cikin nau'in wasan kwaikwayo na opera, kuma ƙungiyarsa tana da ladabi sosai.

Cecilia Bartoli tana da fasaha mai ban mamaki. Don tabbatar da wannan, ya isa ya saurari aria daga wasan opera na Vivaldi "Griselda", wanda aka kama a kan CD Live a Italiya, wanda aka rubuta a lokacin mawaƙa na mawaƙa a Teatro Olimpico a Vicenza. Wannan aria yana buƙatar cikakken abin da ba za a iya zato ba, kusan kyawawan halayen kirki, kuma Bartoli shine watakila mawaƙi ɗaya tilo a duniya wanda zai iya yin rubutu da yawa ba tare da jinkiri ba.

Duk da haka, cewa ta rarraba kanta a matsayin mezzo-soprano yana haifar da shakku sosai a tsakanin masu sukar. A kan wannan faifan, Bartoli ya rera wani aria daga wasan opera na Vivaldi na Zelmira, inda ya ba da babbar E-flat, bayyananne da kwarin gwiwa, wanda zai ba da daraja ga kowane irin soprano mai ban sha'awa ko launin soprano. Wannan bayanin kula yana waje da kewayon "al'ada" mezzo-soprano. Abu daya a bayyane yake: Bartoli ba contralto bane. Mafi mahimmanci, wannan soprano ne mai fa'ida mai fa'ida - octaves biyu da rabi kuma tare da kasancewar ƙananan bayanan kula. Tabbatar da kai tsaye game da gaskiyar muryar Cecilia na iya zama "forays" a cikin filin wasan soprano na Mozart - Zerlin, Despina, Fiordiligi.

Da alama akwai ƙididdigewa mai wayo a bayan ƙaddamar da kai a matsayin mezzo-soprano. An haifi Sopranos sau da yawa, kuma a cikin duniyar opera gasar da ke tsakanin su ta fi na mezzo-sopranos. Mezzo-soprano ko contralto mai daraja na duniya ana iya ƙidaya akan yatsu. Ta hanyar ayyana kanta a matsayin mezzo-soprano da kuma mai da hankali kan wasan kwaikwayon Baroque, Mozart da Rossini, Cecilia ta ƙirƙiri wani yanayi mai daɗi da ban sha'awa ga kanta wanda ke da wahalar kaiwa hari.

Duk wannan ya kawo Cecilia ga hankalin manyan kamfanonin rikodin, ciki har da Decca, Teldec da Philips. Kamfanin Decca yana kula da mawaƙa na musamman. A halin yanzu, zane-zane na Cecilia Bartoli ya ƙunshi CD sama da 20. Ta yi rikodin tsohuwar aria, arias ta Mozart da Rossini, Rossini's Stabat Mater, ɗakin ɗakin da mawaƙan Italiyanci da Faransanci ke yi, cikakkun operas. Yanzu ana siyar da wani sabon fayafai mai suna Sacrificio (Sacrifice) - arias daga repertoire na castrati da aka yi wa gumaka.

Amma wajibi ne a faɗi gaskiya duka: Muryar Bartoli ita ce muryar da ake kira "ƙaramin". Ta fi burgewa sosai a CDs da kuma a zauren kide-kide fiye da matakin wasan opera. Hakazalika, faifan operas ɗinta sun yi ƙasa da rikodin shirye-shiryen solo. Mafi ƙarfi gefen fasahar Bartoli shine lokacin fassara. Koyaushe tana mai da hankali sosai ga abin da take yi kuma tana yin shi tare da iyakar inganci. Wannan ya bambanta ta da asalin mawaƙa na zamani da yawa, watakila tare da muryoyin da ba su da kyau, amma sun fi na Bartoli ƙarfi, amma ba za su iya yin nasara ba. Repertoire Cecilia ya shaida tunaninta mai ratsawa: a fili tana sane da iyakar abin da yanayi ya ba ta kuma ta zaɓi ayyukan da ke buƙatar dabara da nagarta, maimakon ƙarfin muryarta da zafin zafinta. A irin waɗannan ayyuka kamar Amneris ko Delilah, ba za ta taɓa samun kyakkyawan sakamako ba. Mun tabbatar da cewa ba ta ba da tabbacin bayyanarta a matsayin Carmen ba, domin kawai za ta kuskura ta rera wannan bangare a cikin karamin zauren, kuma wannan ba gaskiya ba ne.

Da alama kamfen ɗin talla da fasaha da aka gudanar ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da kyakkyawan hoto na kyawun Tekun Bahar Rum. Haƙiƙa, Cecilia ƙanƙara ce kuma ƙanƙara ce, kuma fuskarta ba ta bambanta da kyan gani ba. Magoya bayanta sun yi iƙirarin cewa ta fi tsayi sosai a kan mataki ko a talabijin, kuma suna ba da yabo mai daɗi ga gashinta mai duhu da idanunta da ba a saba gani ba. Ga yadda ɗaya daga cikin talifi da yawa da ke cikin New York Times ya kwatanta ta: “Wannan mutum ce mai raɗaɗi; tana yawan tunani game da aikinta, amma ba ta kasance mai ɗorewa ba. Ta kasance mai son sani kuma koyaushe a shirye take don dariya. A cikin karni na ashirin, da alama tana gida, amma ba ya ɗaukar tunani sosai don tunaninta a cikin kyalli na Paris na 1860s: siffarta ta mata, kafadu mai tsami, guguwar gashin duhu da ke faɗowa ya sa ku yi tunanin firar kyandir. da kuma fara'a na masu lalata na zamanin da.

Na dogon lokaci, Cecilia ta zauna tare da danginta a Roma, amma a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata ta kasance a hukumance "yi rijista" a Monte Carlo (kamar yawancin VIPs waɗanda suka zaɓi babban birnin Monacoin saboda tsananin haraji a ƙasarsu). Wani kare mai suna Figaro yana zaune da ita. Sa’ad da aka tambayi Cecilia game da sana’arta, ta ba da amsa: “Lokaci na kyau da farin ciki su ne abin da nake so in ba mutane. Ubangiji ya ba ni damar yin wannan godiya ga kayan aikina. Hanyar zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo, Ina so mu bar duniyar da aka sani a baya kuma mu shiga cikin sabuwar duniya.