Yuri Khatuevich Temirkanov |

Yuri Temirkanov

An haife shi ranar 10 ga Disamba, 1938 a Nalchik. Mahaifinsa, Temirkanov Khatu Sagidovich, shi ne shugaban Sashen Arts na Kabardino-Balkarian m Jamhuriyar, ya abokai tare da mawaki Sergei Prokofiev, wanda ya yi aiki a lokacin 1941 fitarwa a Nalchik. An kuma kwashe wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar shahararren gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Moscow Art Theater, daga cikinsu akwai Nemirovich-Danchenko, Kachalov, Moskvin, Knipper-Chekhova, wanda ya yi a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na birnin. Yanayin mahaifinsa da yanayin wasan kwaikwayo ya zama tsani ga mawaƙa na gaba don sanin kansa da manyan al'adu.

Malaman farko na Yuri Temirkanov sune Valery Fedorovich Dashkov da Truvor Karlovich Sheybler. A karshen shi ne wani dalibi na Glazunov, digiri na biyu na Petrograd Conservatory, mawaki da kuma folklorist, ya taimaka sosai wajen fadada Yuri ta art horizons. Lokacin da Temirkanov ya gama makaranta, an yanke shawarar cewa zai fi kyau ya ci gaba da karatunsa a birnin Neva. Don haka a cikin Nalchik Yuri Khatuevich Temirkanov an riga an ƙaddara hanyar zuwa Leningrad, birnin wanda ya tsara shi a matsayin mawaƙa da mutum.

A 1953, Yuri Temirkanov shiga makarantar sakandare na musamman a Leningrad Conservatory, a cikin aji na violin Mikhail Mihaylovich Belyakov.

Bayan barin makaranta Temirkanov karatu a Leningrad Conservatory (1957-1962). Karatu a cikin viola class, wanda aka jagoranci Grigory Isaevich Ginzburg Yuri lokaci guda halarci gudanar da azuzuwan Ilya Aleksandrovich Musin da Nikolai Semenovich Rabinovich. Na farko ya nuna masa wahalar fasahar fasahar madugu, na biyu ya koya masa kula da sana’ar madugun da muhimmanci. Wannan ya sa Y.Temirkanov ya ci gaba da karatunsa.

Daga 1962 zuwa 1968 Temirkanov ya sake zama dalibi, sa'an nan kuma digiri na biyu dalibi na gudanarwa sashen. Bayan kammala karatunsa a 1965 daga ajin wasan opera da wasan kwaikwayo, ya fara halarta a Leningrad Maly Opera da Ballet Theatre a cikin wasan kwaikwayo "La Traviata" na G. Verdi. Daga cikin sauran manyan ayyukan gudanarwa a waɗannan shekarun sune Donizetti's Love Potion (1968), Gershwin's Porgy da Bess (1972).

A shekara ta 1966, Temirkanov mai shekaru 28 ya lashe lambar yabo ta farko a gasar gudanarwa ta II All-Union a Moscow. Nan da nan bayan gasar, ya tafi yawon shakatawa a Amurka tare da K. Kondrashin, D. Oistrakh da Moscow Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra.

Daga shekarar 1968 zuwa 1976 Yuri Temirkanov ya jagoranci kungiyar mawakan Symphony na Leningrad Philharmonic. Daga 1976 zuwa 1988 ya kasance m darektan da kuma babban shugaba na Kirov (yanzu Mariinsky) Opera da Ballet gidan wasan kwaikwayo. A karkashin jagorancinsa, gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya shirya irin abubuwan da suka faru kamar "Yaki da Aminci" na S. Prokofiev (1977), "Matattu Souls" na R. Shchedrin (1978), "Peter I" (1975), "Pushkin" (1979). da Mayakovsky ya fara da A. Petrov (1983), Eugene Onegin (1982) da Sarauniyar Spades ta PI Tchaikovsky (1984), Boris Godunov na MP Mussorgsky (1986), wanda ya zama gagarumin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin rayuwar kiɗa na ƙasar kuma alama ta manyan lambobin yabo. Masoyan kiɗa ba wai kawai na Leningrad ba, har ma da sauran biranen da yawa sun yi mafarkin samun wannan wasan kwaikwayon!

Daraktan fasaha na Bolshoi Drama Theatre GA Tovstonogov, bayan sauraron "Eugene Onegin" a Kirovsky, ya ce wa Temirkanov: "Yaya a karshe ka harba makomar Onegin ..."

Tare da tawagar wasan kwaikwayo Temirkanov akai-akai ya tafi yawon shakatawa zuwa kasashen Turai da dama, a karon farko a cikin tarihin shahararrun tawagar - Ingila, da Japan da kuma Amurka. Shi ne farkon wanda ya gabatar da kide-kide na kade-kade tare da makada na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Kirov a aikace. Y. Temirkanov ya samu nasarar gudanar da shi a kan matakan shahararrun wasan kwaikwayo na opera.

A cikin 1988, Yuri Temirkanov ya zama babban darektan gudanarwa kuma darektan zane-zane na ƙungiyar masu daraja ta Rasha - ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Academic Symphony na St. Petersburg Philharmonic mai suna bayan DD Shostakovich. “Ina alfahari da kasancewa shugaba mai zaɓe. Idan ban yi kuskure ba, wannan shi ne karo na farko a tarihin al'adun waka da ita kanta kungiyar ta yanke shawarar wanda zai jagorance ta. Har ya zuwa yanzu, an nada dukkan masu gudanarwa "daga sama," in ji Yuri Temirkanov game da zabensa.

A lokacin ne Temirkanov ya tsara ɗaya daga cikin ƙa'idodinsa: “Ba za ku iya sa mawaƙa su makantar da abin da wani yake so ba. Sa hannu kawai, kawai sanin cewa duk muna yin abu ɗaya tare, zai iya ba da sakamakon da ake so. Kuma bai daɗe ba. Karkashin jagorancin Yu.Kh. Temirkanov, iko da shaharar St. Petersburg Philharmonic ya karu da ban mamaki. A shekarar 1996 an gane shi a matsayin mafi kyau concert kungiyar a Rasha.

Yuri Temirkanov ya yi tare da da yawa daga cikin manyan kade-kade na kade-kade na duniya: kungiyar kade-kade ta Philadelphia, da Concertgebouw (Amsterdam), Cleveland, Chicago, New York, San Francisco, Santa Cecilia, Philharmonic Orchestras: Berlin, Vienna, da dai sauransu.

Tun 1979 Y. Temirkanov ya kasance babban bako shugaba na Philadelphia da kuma London Royal Orchestras, kuma tun 1992 ya jagoranci na karshen. Sa'an nan Yuri Temirkanov shi ne Babban Bako Jagora na Dresden Philharmonic Orchestra (tun 1994), Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra (tun 1998). Bayan ya yi bikin cika shekaru ashirin da haɗin gwiwarsa da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Royal London, ya bar mukamin babban darektan kungiyar, yana mai riƙe da kambun Darakta na Daraja na wannan rukunin.

Bayan abubuwan da suka faru na soja a Afganistan, Y. Temirkanov ya zama jagoran Rasha na farko da ya zagaya Amurka bisa gayyatar da kungiyar Philharmonic ta New York ta yi masa, kuma a shekarar 1996 a birnin Rome ya gudanar da bikin murnar cika shekaru 50 da kafa MDD. A cikin Janairu 2000, Yuri Temirkanov ya zama babban darektan da Artistic darektan na Baltimore Symphony Orchestra (Amurka).

Yuri Temirkanov - daya daga cikin mafi girma conductors na 60th karni. Bayan ya haye bakin kololuwar ranar haihuwar sa na XNUMX, maestro yana kan mafi girman shahara, shahara da sanin duniya. Yana faranta wa masu sauraro farin ciki da yanayinsa mai haske, ƙaƙƙarfan ƙudurin niyyarsa, zurfin da ma'aunin aiwatar da ra'ayoyinsa. “Wannan madugu ne wanda ke ɓoye sha’awa a ƙarƙashin mummunan bayyanar. Ayyukansa sau da yawa ba zato ba tsammani, amma ko da yaushe yana kangewa, da kuma yadda yake yin sassaka, yana tsara yawan sauti da yatsunsa masu ban sha'awa yana sa babbar mawaƙa daga daruruwan mawaƙa" ("Eslain Pirene"). "Cikin fara'a, Temirkanov yana aiki tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa wanda rayuwarsa, aikinsa, da siffarsa suka haɗu ..." ("La Stampa").

Temirkanov's m style ne na asali da kuma bambanta da haske bayyana. Yana kula da peculiarities na styles na composers na daban-daban zamanin da dabara, wahayi zuwa gare ta fassara su music. An bambanta gwanintarsa ​​ta hanyar dabarar jagorar virtuoso, ƙarƙashin zurfin fahimtar manufar marubucin. Matsayin Yuri Temirkanov a cikin haɓaka kiɗan gargajiya da na zamani na Rasha yana da mahimmanci musamman a cikin Rasha da sauran ƙasashe na duniya.

Ƙarfin maestro don sauƙaƙe sadarwa tare da kowane rukuni na kiɗa kuma cimma mafita na ayyuka mafi wuyar yin aiki abin sha'awa ne.

Yuri Temirkanov rubuta wata babbar adadin CD. A cikin 1988, ya sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya ta musamman tare da alamar rikodin BMG. Babban faifan bidiyo ya haɗa da rikodi tare da Mawakan Symphony na Leningrad Philharmonic, tare da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Royal Philharmonic ta London, tare da New York Philharmonic…

A shekara ta 1990, tare da Columbia Artists Temirkanov ya rubuta wani wasan kwaikwayo na Gala da aka keɓe don bikin cika shekaru 150 na haihuwar PI Tchaikovsky, wanda mawallafin soloists Yo-Yo Ma, I. Perlman, J. Norman suka shiga.

Rikodi na kiɗan S. Prokofiev don fim ɗin "Alexander Nevsky" (1996) da D. Shostakovich's Symphony No. 7 (1998) an zaɓi su don kyautar Sgatt.

Yuri Temirkanov ya ba da karimci da basirarsa tare da matasa masu jagoranci. Shi farfesa ne a Conservatory na St. Petersburg mai suna NA Rimsky-Korsakov, farfesa mai daraja a manyan makarantun kasashen waje, ciki har da memba mai daraja na Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Duniya ta Amurka, Masana'antu, Ilimi da Fasaha. Yana ba da azuzuwan masters akai-akai a Cibiyar Curtis (Philadelphia), da kuma a Makarantar Kiɗa ta Manhattan (New York), a Academia Chighana (Siena, Italiya).

Yu.Kh. Temirkanov - Artist na Tarayyar Soviet (1981), Jama'ar Artist na RSFSR (1976), Jama'ar Artist na Kabardino-Balkarian ASSR (1973), girmama Artist na RSFSR (1971), sau biyu lashe USSR Jihar Prizes (1976). , 1985), wanda ya lashe kyautar Jiha na RSFSR mai suna MI Glinka (1971). An ba shi Orders of Lenin (1983), "Domin Girmama zuwa Uban kasa" III digiri (1998), da Bulgarian Order na Cyril da Methodius (1998).

Ta hanyar yanayin aikinsa, Temirkanov dole ne ya sadarwa tare da mafi ban mamaki da mutane masu haske, fitattun mutane na gida da waje na al'adu da fasaha. Ya kasance mai girman kai da alfahari da abokantakarsa da I. Menuhin, B. Pokrovsky, P. Kogan, A. Schnittke, G. Kremer, R. Nureyev, M. Plisetskaya, R. Shchedrin, I. Brodsky, V. Tretyakov, M. Rostropovich , S. Ozawa da sauran mawaƙa da masu fasaha da yawa.

Yana zaune kuma yana aiki a St. Petersburg.